Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance

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The following is a list of landscape plants rated according to their resistance to deer damage. The list was compiled with input from nursery and landscape professionals, Rutgers New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES),Cornell Cooperative Extension personnel, and Master Gardeners.

Realizing that no plant is deer proof, plants in the Rarely Damaged, and Seldom Severely Damaged categories would be best for landscapes prone to deer damage. Plants Occasionally Severely Damaged and Frequently Severely Damaged are often preferred by deer and should only be planted with additional protection such as the use of fencing, repellents, etc. Success of any of these plants in the landscape will depend on local deer populations, feeding pressure and weather conditions.


Common Name	Latin Name	Rating	Type
African Lily	Agapanthus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Ageratum	Ageratum houstonianum	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Allegheny Serviceberry	Amelanchier laevis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Allegheny Spurge	Pachysandra procumbens	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Alternate-Leaved Dogwood	Cornus alternifolia	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
American Arborvitae	Thuja occidentalis	Frequently Severely Damaged	Trees
American Bittersweet	Celastrus scandens	Seldom Severely Damaged	Vines
American Holly	Ilex opaca	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Angel's Trumpet	Brugmansia sp. (Datura)	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Anise	Pimpinalla anisum	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Anise Hyssop	Agastache sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Annual Vinca	Catharanthus rosea	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Anthony Waterer Spirea	Spiraea x bumalda	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Apples	Malus sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Armstrong Juniper	Juniperus chinensis 'Armstrongii'	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Arrowwood Viburnum	Viburnum dentatum	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Asparagus	Asparagus officinalis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Aster	Aster sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Astilbe	Astilbe sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Atlantic White Cedar	Chamaecyparis thyoides	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Atlas Cedar	Cedrus atlantica	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Austrian Pine	Pinus nigra	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Autumn Crocus	Colchicum sp.	Rarely Damaged	Bulbs
Autumn Olive	Elaeagnus umbellatus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Baby's Breath	Gypsophila sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Bachelor's Buttons	Centaurea cyanus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Bald Cypress	Taxodium distichum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Balloon Flower	Platycodon grandiflorus	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Balsam Fir	Abies balsamea	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Balsam, Touch-Me-Not	Impatiens balsamina	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Bamboo	Bambusa sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Barberry	Berberis sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Barrenwort	Epimediurn sp.	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Basil	Ocimum basilicum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Basket of Gold	Aurinia saxatilis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Basswood	Tilia americana	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Bayberry	Myrica pensylvanica	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Bearberry	Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Bearberry Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster dammeri	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Beautyberry	Callicarpa sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Beautybush	Kolkwitzia amabilis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Beebalm	Monarda didyma	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Bellflower	Campanula glomerata	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Big Bluestem	Andropogon sp.	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Bigleaf Goldenray	Ligularia dentata	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Bigleaf Hydrangea	Hydrangea macrophylla	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Bishop's Weed	Aegopodium podagaria	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Black Locust	Robinia pseudoacia	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Black-Eyed Susan	Rudbeckia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Blackhaw Viburnum	Viburnum prunifolium	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Blanket Flower	Gaillardia sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Blazing Star	Liatris sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Bleeding Heart	Dicentra spectabilis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Bloodtwig Dogwood	Cornus sanguinea	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Blue Fescue	Festuca glauca	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Blue Holly	Ilex x meserveae	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Blue Mist Shrub	Caryopteris clandonensis	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Blue Oat Grass	Helictotrichon sempervirens	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Blue Star Juniper	Juniperus squamata 'Blue Star'	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Bluebell	Endymion sp.	Rarely Damaged	Bulbs
Blueberry Elder, Sweet Elder	Sambucus canadensis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Bog Rosemary	Andromeda polifolia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Borage	Borage officinalis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Bottlebrush Buckeye	Aesculus parviflora	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Bottlebrush Grass	Hystrix patula	Seldom Severely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Brambles	Rubus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Bridalwreath Spirea	Spiraea prunifolia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Broom	Cytisus sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Buckthorn	Rhammus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Bugleweed	Ajuga reptans	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Bugloss	Anchusa sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Bush Cinquefoil	Potentilla fruticosa	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Butter & Eggs	Linaria vulgaris	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Buttercup	Ranunculus sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Butterfly Bush	Buddleia sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Butterfly Weed	Asclepias tuberosa	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Cactus	Cactaceae sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Caladium	Caladium sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Bulbs
California Poppy	Eschscholzia californica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
California Sweetshrub	Calycanthus occidentalis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Calla Lily	Zantedeschia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Callery Pear	Pyrus calleryana	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Camassia	Camassia leichtlini	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Candy Lily	Pardancanda x norrisii	Frequently Severely Damaged	Perennials
Candytuft	Iberis sempervirens	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Candytuft	Iberis umbellata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Canna Lily	Canna sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Canterbury Bells	Campanula medium	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Biennials
Cardinal Flower	Lobelia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Carnation, Pinks	Dianthus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Carolina Hemlock	Tsuga caroliniana	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Carolina Rhododendron	Rhododendron carolinianum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Carolina Silverbell	Halesia carolina	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Catawba Rhododendron	Rhododendron catawbiense	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Catmint	Nepeta sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Checkermallow	Sidalcia malviflora	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Cherries*	Prunus sp.*	Frequently Severely Damaged	Trees
Cherry Laurel	Prunus laurocerasus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Chestnut Oak	Quercus prinus	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Chinese Fringe Tree	Chionanthus retusus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Chinese Holly	Ilex cornuta	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Chinese Juniper*	Juniperus chinensis cv.*	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Chinese Lilac	Syringa x chinesis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Chinese Paper Birch	Betula albo-sinensis	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Christmas Fern	Polystichum arcostichoides	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Cinnamon Fern	Osmunda cinnamomea	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Clematis	Clematis sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Vines
Climbing Hydrangea	Hydrangea anomala petiolaris	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Vines
Clump Bamboo	Fargesia sp.	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Coast Leucothoe	Leucothoe axillaris	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Cock's Comb	Celosia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Coleus	Coleus sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Colorado Blue Spruce	Picea pungens	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Columbine	Aquilegia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Comfrey	Symphytum officinale	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Common Boxwood	Buxus sempervirens	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Common Flowering Quince	Chaenomeles speciosa	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Common Foxglove	Digitalis purpurea	Rarely Damaged	Biennials
Common Horsechestnut	Aesculus hippocastanum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Common Lilac	Syringa vulgaris	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Common Pear	Pyrus communis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Common Sassafras	Sassafras albidurn	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Common Sweetshrub	Calycanthus floridus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Common Tansy	Tanacetum vulgare	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Common Witchhazel	Hamamelis virginiana	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Common Yarrow	Achillea millefolium	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Coralbells	Heuchera sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Coralberry	Symphoricarpos x chenaultii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Corkscrew Willow	Salix matsudana tortuosa	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Cornelian Cherry	Cornus mas	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Corydalis	Corydalis sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Cosmos	Cosmos sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Cranberry Bush	Viburnum opulus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Cranberry Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster apiculatus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Crape Myrtle	Lagerstroemia indica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Creeping Juniper*	Juniperus horizontalis cv.*	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Creeping Wintergreen	Gaultheria procumbens	Seldom Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
Crocosmia	Croscosmia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Crocus	Crocus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Crown Imperial, Fritilia	Fritilaria imperialis	Rarely Damaged	Bulbs
Currant	Ribes sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Cyclamen	Cyclamen sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Daffodil	Narcissus sp.	Rarely Damaged	Bulbs
Dahlia	Dahlia sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Dame's Rocket	Hesperis matronalis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Daphne	Daphne sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Dawn Redwood	Metasequoia glyptostroboides	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Daylily	Hemerocallis sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Deciduous Azaleas*	Rhododendron sp.*	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Delphinium	Delphinium sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Deutzia	Deutzia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Devil's Walking Stick	Aralia spinosa	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Dill	Anethumus graveolens	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Doublefile Viburnum	Viburnum plicatum tomentosurn	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Douglas Fir	Pseudotsuga menziesii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Downy Serviceberry	Amelanchier arborea	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Dragon Lady, San Jose Holly	Ilex x aquipernyi	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Drooping Leucothoe	Leucothoe fontanesiana	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Drooping Sedge	Carex pendula	Seldom Severely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Dusty Miller	Centaurea cineraria	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Dwarf Alberta Spruce	Picea glauca 'Conica'	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Dwarf Balsam Fir	Abies balsamea	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Dwarf Mondo Grass	Ophiopogon japonicus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Eastern Hemlock	Tsuga canadensis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Eastern Red Cedar	Juniperus virginiana	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Eastern Redbud	Cercis canadensis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Eastern White Pine	Pinus strobus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Elephant Ear	Colocasia esculenta	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
English Daisy	Bellis perennis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
English Hawthorn	Crataegus laevigata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
English Holly	Ilex aquifolium	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
English Ivy	Hedera helix	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Vines
English Ivy	Hedera helix	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
European Ash	Fraxinus excelsior	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
European Beech	Fagus sylvatica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
European Ginger	Asarum europaeum	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
European Larch	Larix decidua	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
European Mountain Ash	Sorbus aucuparia	Frequently Severely Damaged	Trees
European White Birch	Betula pendula	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Evergreen Azaleas*	Rhododendron sp.*	Frequently Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Fall Mums	Chrysanthemum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
False Camomile	Matricaria sp.	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
False Indigo	Baptisia australis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Feather Reed Grass	Calamagrostis sp.	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Feverfew	Chrysanthemum parthenium	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Firethorn	Pyracantha coccinea	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Fleabane	Erigeron sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Flowering Dogwood	Cornus florida	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Flowering Tobacco	Nicotiana sp.	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Foam Flower	Tiarella cordifolia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis alpestris	Seldom Severely Damaged	Biennials
Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis sylvatica	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Forsythia	Forsythia x intermedia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Fothergillia	Fothergila sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Fountain Grass	Pennisetum alopecuroides	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Fragrant Sumac	Rhus aromatica	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Fragrant Winterhazel	Corylopsis glabrescens	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Fraser Fir	Abies fraseri	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
French Marigold	Tagetes patula	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Fringed Bleeding Heart	Dicentra eximia	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Garden Lily	Lilium sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Garden Petunia	Petunia sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Garden Sage	Salvia officinalis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Gas Plant	Dictamus alba	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Geranium	Pelargonium sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Gerbera Daisy	Gerbera jamesonii	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Germander	Teucrium Chamaedrys	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Geum, Avens	Geum sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Giant Japanese Silver Grass	Miscanthus floridulis	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Giant Reed	Arundo donax	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Gladiolus	Gladiolus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Globeflower	Trollius sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Glory Lily	Gloriosa superba	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Glossy Abelia	Abelia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Goat's Beard	Aruncus sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Golden Bamboo	Phyllostachys aurea	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Goldenrain Tree	Koelreuteria paniculata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Goldenrod	Solidago sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Goldflame Honeysuckle	Lonicera x heckrottii	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Vines
Goldust Plant	Aucuba japonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Gooseneck Loosestrife	Lysimachia clethroides	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Grape Hyacinth	Muscari sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Greek Jerusalem Sage	Phlomis sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Green Ash	Fraximus pennsylvanica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Greenspire Littleleaf Linden	Tilia cordata 'Greenspire'	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Hakonechloa	Hakonechloa macra	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Hard Rush	Juncus Effusus	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Hardy Begonia	Begonia grandis	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hardy Geranium	Geranium clarkei	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hardy Geranium	Geranium endressii	Frequently Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hardy Geranium	Geranium macrorrhizum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hardy Geranium	Geranium sanguineum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hardy Geranium	Geranium x cantabrigiense	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Harlequin Glorybower	Clerodendrum fargesii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Hayscented Fern	Dennstaedtia punctilobula	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Hazelnut	Corylus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Heartleaf Bergenia	Bergenia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Heath	Erica sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Heather	Calliuna sp.	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Heavenly Bamboo	Nandina sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Heliotrope	Heliotropium arborescens	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Hens and Chickens	Sempervivum sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Highbush Blueberry	Vaccinum corymbosum	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Himalayan Birch	Betula jacquemontii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Hinoki Cypress	Chamaecyparis obtusa	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Holly Fern	Cyrtomium falcatum	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Holly Osmanthus	Osmanthus heterophyllus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Hollyhock	Alcea sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Honey Locust	Gleditsia triacanthos	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Horehound	Marrubium vulgare	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Horseradish	Armoracia rusticana	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Hosta	Hosta sp.	Frequently Severely Damaged	Perennials
Hyacinth	Hyacinthus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Bulbs
Hybrid Tea Rose	Rosa x hybrid	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Hyssop	Hyssopus officinalis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Impatiens	Impatiens walleriana	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Indian Grass	Sorghastrum nutans	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Inkberry	Ilex glabra	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Iris	Iris sp. (may eat buds)	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Jack-in-the-pulpit	Arisaema triphylum	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Jacob's Ladder	Polemonium caeruleum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Japanese Anemone	Anemone x hybrida	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Japanese Black Pine	Pinus thunbergiana	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Blood Grass	Imperata cylindrica	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Japanese Cedar	Cryptomeria japonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Euonymus	Euonymus japonica	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Falsecypress	Chamaecyparis pisifera	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Flowering Cherry	Prunus serrulata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Flowering Quince	Chaenomeles japonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Garden Juniper	Juniperus procumbens 'Nana'	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Holly	Ilex crenata	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Kerria	Kerria japonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Maple	Acer palmatum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Painted Fern	Athyrium goeringianum (nipponicum)	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Japanese Pieris, Andromeda	Pieris japonica	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Plum Yew	Cephalotaxus harringtonia	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Red Pine	Pinus densiflora	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Japanese Sedge	Carex sp.	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Japanese Silver Grass	Miscanthus sinensis	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Japanese Skimmia	Skimmia japonica	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Spirea	Spiraea japonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Japanese Sweet Flag	Acorus sp.	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Japanese Tree Lilac	Syringa reticulata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
John T. Morris Holly	Ilex x 'John T. Morris'	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Judd Viburnum	Viburnum x juddii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Katsura Tree	Cercidiphyllum japonicum	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Koreanspice Viburnum	Viburnum carlesii	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Kousa Dogwood	Cornus kousa	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Ladys' Mantle	Alchemilla sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Lamb's Ear	Stachys byzantina	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Lance Coreopsis	Coreopsis lanceolata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Lantana	Lantana sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Large Blue June Grass	Koeleria glauca	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Large Periwinkle	Vinca major	Seldom Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
Larkspur	Consolida ambigua	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Late Lilac	Syringa villosa	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Lavendar	Lavandula sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Lavender-Cotton	Santolina chamaecyparissus	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Leatherleaf Mahonia	Mahonia bealei	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Leatherleaf Viburnum	Viburnum rhytidophyllum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Lemon Balm	Melissa officinalis	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Lenten or Christmas Rose	Helleborus sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Leyland Cypress	Cupressocyparis leyandii	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Lily of the Valley	Convallaria majalis	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Lilyturf	Liriope sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
Little Bluestem	Schizachyrium scoparium	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Lobelia	Lobelia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Lungwort	Pulmonaria sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Lupine	Lupinus sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Lydia Morris Holly	Ilex x 'Lydia Morris'	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Lyme Grass	Leymus arenarius glaucous	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Maltese Cross	Lychnis chalcedonica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Marjoram	Majorana	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
May Apple	Podophyllum	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Meadow Rue	Thalictrum sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Meadow Sage	Salvia nemorosa	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Meadowsweet	Filipendula sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Mimosa	Albizia julibrissin	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Mint	Mentha sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Mist Flower	Eupatorium coelestinurn	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Money Plant	Lunaria annua	Seldom Severely Damaged	Biennials
Monkshood	Aconitum sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Moonglow Juniper	Juniperus scopulorum 'Moonglow'	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Morning Glory	Ipomea sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Mountain Bluet	Centaurea montana	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Mountain Juniper*	Juniperus scopulorum cv.*	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Mountain Laurel	Kalmia latifolia	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Mountain Pieris	Pieris floribunda	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Mugo Pine	Pinus mugo	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Mullein	Verbascum sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Multiflora Rose	Rosa multiflora	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Nasturtium	Tropaeolum majus	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Nellie Stevens Holly	Ilex x 'Nellie R. Stevens'	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
New York Fern	Thelyptens noveboracensis	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Northern Red Oak	Quercus rubra	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Northern Sea Oats	Chasmanthium latifolium	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Norway Maple	Acer platanoides	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Norway Spruce	Picea abies	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Oakleaf Hydrangea	Hydrangea quercifolia	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Obedient Plant	Physostegia sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Oregano	Oreganum sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Oregon Grape Holly	Mahonia aquifolium	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Oriental Fountain Grass	Pennisetum orientale	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Oriental Poppy	Papaver orientale	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Ornamental Onion	Allium sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Ornamental Onion	Allium sp.	Rarely Damaged	Bulbs
Ostrich Fern	Matteuccia struthiopteris	Rarely Damaged	Ferns
Pachysandra	Pachysandra terminalis	Rarely Damaged	Groundcovers
Pampus Grass	Cortaderia selloana	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Panicle Hydrangea	Hydrangea paniculata	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Panicled Dogwood	Cornus racemosa	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Pansy	Viola sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Annuals
Paper Birch	Betula papyrifera	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Paperbark Maple	Acer griseurn	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Parsley	Petroselinum crispum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Annuals
Patrinia	Patrinia scabiosifolia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Pawpaw	Asimina triloba	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Penstemon	Penstemon sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Peony	Paeonia sp. (may eat buds)	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Periwinkle	Vinca minor	Seldom Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
Pernyi Holly	Ilex pernyi	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Trees
Persian Lilac	Syringa x persica	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Pfitzer Juniper	Juniperus chinensis 'Pfitzerana'	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Phlox	Phlox sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Pincushin Flower	Scabiosa caucasica	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Pink Turtlehead	Chelone sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Pinxterbloom Azalea	Rhododendron penclymenoides	Frequently Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Pitch Pine	Pinus rigida	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Plumbago	Ceratostigma plumbaginoides	Seldom Severely Damaged	Groundcovers
Plume Poppy	Macleaya cordata	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Plums	Prunus sp.	Frequently Severely Damaged	Trees
Poppy	Papaver sp.	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Pot Marigold	Calendula sp.	Rarely Damaged	Annuals
Potentilla, Cinquefoil	Potentilla sp.	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Primrose	Primula sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Prince of Wales Juniper	Juniperus horizontalis 'Prince of Wales'	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Privet	Ligustrurn sp.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Purple Coneflower	Echinacea purpurea	Seldom Severely Damaged	Perennials
Purple Leaf Sand Cherry	Prunus x cistena	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Purple Loosestrife	Lythrum sp.	Occasionally Severely Damaged	Perennials
Purple Moor Grass	Molinia caerulea	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Purple Rock-Cress	Aubretia deltoidea	Rarely Damaged	Perennials
Pyrenees Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster congestus.	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Ravenna Grass	Erianthus ravennae	Rarely Damaged	Ornamental Grasses
Red Chokeberry	Aronia arbutifolia	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Red Elderberry	Sambucus racemosa	Rarely Damaged	Shrubs
Red Maple	Acer rubrum	Seldom Severely Damaged	Trees
Red Osier Dogwood	Cornus sericea	Seldom Severely Damaged	Shrubs
Red Pine	Pinus resinosa	Rarely Damaged	Trees
Red Twigged Dogwood